{"id":2817,"date":"2018-08-12T16:55:35","date_gmt":"2018-08-12T12:25:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/minamohammadi.ir\/?p=2817"},"modified":"2020-03-17T15:04:19","modified_gmt":"2020-03-17T11:34:19","slug":"journal-of-legal-research-number-20","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sdil.ac.ir\/en\/journal-of-legal-research-number-20\/","title":{"rendered":"Journal of Legal Research – Number 20"},"content":{"rendered":"

Journal of <\/strong><\/h2>\n

Legal Research<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Number 20<\/strong><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vol. X No. 2<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Autumn 2011 \u2013 Winter 2012<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/h3>\n

Managing Editor: Vahid Eshtiagh<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Editor-in-Chief: Seyyed Ghasem Zamani<\/strong><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

CONTENTS<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Articles<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Differences between Mistake and Ignorance to the Subject-Matter of Contract \u2026<\/strong>
\nAli Eslamipanah (Ph. D.)<\/p>\n

Bankruptcy in Fault and Fraud: From Commercial Code to Islamic Penal Code<\/strong>
\nMohammad Ali Jahed (Ph. D.) & Ramin Alizadeh<\/p>\n

Complicity in Unintentional Crimes<\/strong>
\nGhassem Mohammadi (Ph. D.) & Ehsan Abbaszadeh<\/p>\n

Analysis The Theory of the Unification of Transnational Commercial Contracts Law<\/strong>
\nMahmood Jalali (Ph. D.) & Masoomeh Shakouri<\/p>\n

Concept and Nature of Future Contracts<\/strong>
\nJavad Hosseinzadeh (Ph. D.)<\/p>\n

Peace and Human Rights in Curriculum under the International Instruments<\/strong>
\nHomayoon Mafi (Ph. D.) & Hossein Kavyar<\/p>\n

Special Issue:<\/strong>
\nCultural Heritage Law: Capacities and Challenges<\/strong><\/p>\n

Unable Justice and Preservation of Cultural Heritage<\/strong>
\nMohammad-Hadi Zaker Hossein<\/p>\n

Islamic Penal Code of Iran on Crimes against Cultural Property: 566 bis Article<\/strong>
\nHassan Pourbaferani (Ph. D.) & Heydar Mansoori<\/p>\n

Copyright Protection for Architectural Works<\/strong>
\nSoureh Sadeghi Esfahlani<\/p>\n

Some Strategic Developments in Restitution of the Cultural Property in Contemporary International Law<\/strong>
\nHaleh Hosseini Akbarnezhad<\/p>\n

New Developments in Restitution of Cultural Property with a View to Restitution of Indigenous People\u2019s Cultural Property<\/strong>
\nAlireza Arashpour (Ph. D.) & Sara Balkhi<\/p>\n

The Protection of Cultural Property in Times of Armed Conflicts: The Practice of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia<\/strong>
\nHeybatollah Nazhandi-Manesh (Ph. D.) & Mohammad Afrough<\/p>\n

\u201cFunctional\u201d Concept Evolution of Cultural Property in a More<\/strong>
\nHumanization of International Law
\nHooriyeh Hosseini Akbarnezhad<\/p>\n

Deficiencies in Legislations for Protection of Cultural Heritage<\/strong>
\nSheyda Baradaran Bazaz<\/p>\n

Right on the Historical Name of the Persian Gulf from the Perspective<\/strong>
\nof International Law<\/strong>
\nSara Akbari<\/p>\n

Examining Various Mechanisms for International Disputes over<\/strong>
\nCultural Properties<\/strong>
\nAramesh Shahbazi (Ph. D.)<\/p>\n

Articles<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Bankruptcy in Fault and Fraud:<\/strong>
\nFrom Commercial Code to Islamic Penal Code<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Mohammad Ali Jahed (Ph. D.) & Ramin Alizadeh<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/strong>
\nOne of the issues is that the country\u2019s economy and financial
\nimprovements to hurt bankruptcy. The Trade Act if the trader from
\npaying the debt he is responsible is considered unable to be bankrupt.
\nThe rights of Iran to the three ordinary bankruptcy, fraud and the fault
\nis predicted that bankruptcy is not a normal crime, but fault
\nbankruptcy fraud and crime and punishment has been set for it.
\nIn fact, bankruptcy fraud and criminal guilt, including titles that
\nreferred to the Commercial Law and punishment in the Islamic Penal
\nCode 670 and 671 during the material has been stated, and because the
\ncrime was premeditated and the businessman informed Cholera broke
\nhis ill considered and their business practices or malpractice and
\nnegligence has. In France the new law bankruptcy fraud division and
\nthe manuscript and instead blame as the offense of bankruptcy is
\npredicted.
\nKeywords:<\/strong> Bankruptcy, Fraud, Fault<\/p>\n

Concept and Nature of Future Contracts<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Javad Hosseinzadeh (Ph. D.)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/strong>
\nFuture and forward contracts are regarded as a case of financial derivative instruments the public offering of which on a limited level in Iranian capital market, has recently come to commence by virtue of clause 11 of article 1 of Iran\u2019s Securities Market Act 1384. This
\narticle, by the lack of any legal definition of the contracts and for making law community familiar with such new financial instruments, seeks to explain the structure of future contracts in capital market, while describing the characteristics that distinguish them from forward contract. Moreover, the explanation of subject-matter of future contracts, how to terminate the contracts and how to exit the futures market and legal grounds of validity of such contracts shall constitute the discussions of this article.
\nKeywords:<\/strong> Future contract, Forward contract, Financial derivative
\ninstruments, Securities market, Capital markets, Securities Market Act<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

Some Strategic Developments in Restitution of the<\/strong>
\nCultural Property in Contemporary International Law<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Haleh Hosseini Akbarnezhad<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/strong>
\nIn the modern international system, restitution of the cultural property and alternative methods of it are important measures to settlement international disputes on the transport or robbery of cultural properties. This article explains about the situations in which such methods might be preferred to the classical judicial means and to examine the problems that might arise. An important point to this respect is that the development of other fields of international law especially human rights and humanitarian law affects on this issue. The promotion of the roles of some legal personality such as museums is an other considerable factor. Also the consideration of non-legal factors and a sense of \u201cmoral obligation,\u201d can help the parties find a path to consensus and protect the cultural properties well.
\nKeywords:<\/strong> Cultural property, Restitution, Conditional Restitution,
\nMuseum, Alternative Methods, Reparation, Loans, Donations, Cultural Cooperation<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

New Developments in Restitution of Cultural Property<\/strong>
\nwith a View to Restitution<\/strong>
\nof Indigenous People\u2019s Cultural Property<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Alireza Arashpour (Ph. D.) & Sara Balkhi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/strong>
\nCultural awareness of countries has attentioned the issue of restitution of cultural property increasingly. This combined with the gradual development of international law and being human rights as one of the criteria of performance of governments the former divisions have been changed and new principles justify the claims related to restitution. In the light of such changes other actors like indigenous communities come into the input field and play roll beside the old ones \u060cto continue the species diversity.
\nKeywords:<\/strong> Cultural Property, Restitution, Cultural Rights, Human Rights, Indigenous Communities<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

\u201cFunctional\u201d Concept Evolution of Cultural Property<\/strong>
\nin a More Humanization of International Law<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Hooriyeh Hosseini Akbarnezhad<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/strong>
\nThis article presents a more human, dynamic, and holistic perspective of cultural heritage, closely referring to the currently observed changes in its conceptual development. It argues that the conceptual focus of cultural heritage has shifted alongside three interrelated and
\ncomplementary directions: 1) from monuments to people; 2) from objects to functions; and thus 3) from preservation per se to purposeful preservation, sustainable use, and development. Conclusions are drawn in favor of an adequate reexamination and readaptation of the conceptual framework of cultural heritage, based on accepting its new functional socioeconomic dimension and integrating multiple perspectives from a variety of academic fields.
\nKeywords:<\/strong> Cultural property, Cultural heritage, Intangible cultural property, International Law, Function<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

Deficiencies in Legislations<\/strong>
\nfor Protection of Cultural Heritage<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Sheyda Baradaran Bazaz<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/strong>
\nFlashback historical identity \u060care origin and progress of human in history despite the spiritual value of these works \u060cthey always threatened to kill and plunder are located. Neglect of cultural heritage can be traced to deficiencies in legislation \u060cand the corporate head employee management weaknesses, lack of cultural attitudes and can be searched. This article examines some of the rules in the field of cultural heritage and national level we have just in case they happened to witness events and addressing the shortcomings of existing rules of international law in this area and at the end of the guidelines and suggestions offered.<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

Examining Various Mechanisms<\/strong>
\nfor International Disputes over Cultural Properties<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Aramesh Shahbazi (Ph. D.)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Disputes regarding cultural properties are so common in international relations. However despite the frequency of cultural properly dispute; there is currently no permanent and universally accepted framework for their resolution. While the most cultural disputes are international, they implicates a variety of legal norms and raises complex choice of legal questions such as conflicting evidentiary standards of proceeding and statutes of limitations. In this article we will analysis the various classic and modern dispute resolution mechanisms and will examine the best alternative ways by taking a look at the practice of the states.
\nKeywords:<\/strong> Cultural properties, Possession, Ownership, Dispute resolution, Alternative mechanisms<\/p>\n

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Journal of Legal Research Number 20   Vol. X No. 2 Autumn 2011 \u2013 Winter 2012 Managing Editor: Vahid Eshtiagh Editor-in-Chief: Seyyed Ghasem Zamani     CONTENTS Articles The Differences between Mistake and Ignorance to the Subject-Matter of Contract \u2026 Ali Eslamipanah (Ph. D.) Bankruptcy in Fault and Fraud: From Commercial Code to Islamic Penal…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3411,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[450,457,453,456],"tags":[460,461,462,1666],"class_list":["post-2817","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archive-of-charters","category-journal-of-legal-research","category-magazines-published-by-the-institute","category-published-legal-research-journals","tag-law","tag-legal-research","tag-the-journal-of-legal-research","tag-vahid-eshtiagh"],"yoast_head":"\nJournal of Legal Research - Number 20 - \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 - \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u06cc<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sdil.ac.ir\/en\/journal-of-legal-research-number-20\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Journal of Legal Research - 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